Burden of proof reversion in aviation law. Disproportion of the burden of proof in air carriage contracts of passengers, baggage or cargo
Bibliographic record
Abstract
El presente escrito busca reflexionar sobre la carga de la prueba derivada del régimen de responsabilidad del transporte aéreo, tanto a nivel Internacional (Convenio de Montreal de 1999), como a nivel Nacional (Código de Comercio), en el entendido de que existen ciertas situaciones donde esta podría invertirse. Esto, debido a hechos desproporcionados y desequilibrados que se presentan en el ejercicio diario de la actividad aeronáutica. El escrito, tiene como método, una estrategia investigativa deductiva, razón por la cual se partió de una premisa general para llegar a una temática específica, “situaciones desproporcionadas o desequilibradas en el desarrollo de la actividad de transporte aéreo, donde se invierte la carga de la prueba”. En conclusión, el escrito propone la inversión de la carga de la prueba, en determinados casos donde resulta evidente la incongruencia, de acuerdo con el principio de economía procesal, tan importante en el ajetreado tránsito jurídico de la actualidad.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.043 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.013 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.022 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".