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Record W7027585101

DEVELOPMENT OF SUBURBANIZATION IN EUROPE

2020· article· en· W7027585101 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueBulgarian Portal for Open Science · 2020
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicUrbanization and City Planning
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSuburbanizationContext (archaeology)PopulationDeveloped countryPopulation growthWestern europe
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

At the beginning of the XXI century, it was of interest to strengthen the centrifugal nature of urban processes, called suburbanization. As a follow-up process, the development of suburbanization is related to urban growth and population growth. Developments in Western Europe largely follow the patterns of suburbanization of countries overseas (the US and Canada), with over 70-80% of the population living in the suburbs or outskirts of cities. In Europe, it is difficult to define suburbanization processes due to the fact that in different countries there is a different definition of urban areas, agglomerations, urbanized areas, and other socio-economic structures. On the territory of Bulgaria, the processes of suburbanization began to develop after the 1950 s and followed those of the countries of Eastern Europe. The territory and area of the country concerned are essential. The collection of information on suburbanization as an ongoing process is carried out by the UN and Eurostat statistical offices. The information provided by each country in Europe is different in the context of the above lines.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.856
Threshold uncertainty score0.288

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.002
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.083
GPT teacher head0.347
Teacher spread0.264 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it