A Convergent Hierarchy of Certificates for Constrained Signomial Positivity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Optimization is at the heart of many engineering problems. Many optimization problems, however, are computationally intractable. One approach to tackle such intractability is to find a tractable problem whose solution, when found, approximates that of the original problem. Specifically, convex optimization problems are often efficiently solvable, and finding a convex formulation that approximates a nonconvex problem, known as convex \nrelaxation, is an effective approach. \n \nThis work concerns a particular class of optimization problem, namely constrained signomial optimization. Based on the idea that optimization of a function is equivalent to verifying its positivity, we first study a certificate of signomial positivity over a constrained set, which finds a decomposition of the signomial into sum of parts that are verifiably positive via convex constraints. However, the certificate only provides a sufficient condition for positivity. The main contribution of the work is to show that by multiplying additionally more complex functions, larger subset of signomials that are positive over a \ncompact convex set, and eventually all, may be certified by the above method. The result is analogous to classic Positivstellensatz results from algebraic geometry which certifies polynomial positivity by finding its representation with sum of square polynomials. \n \nThe result provides a convergent hierarchy of certificate for signomial positivity over a constrained set that is increasingly more complete. The hierarchy of certificate in turn gives a convex relaxation algorithm that computes the lower bounds of constrained signomial optimization problems that are increasingly tighter at the cost of additional computational complexity. At some finite level of the hierarchy, we obtain the optimal solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.049 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.012 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".