Development of a ZeptoFarad (10S-2[1] F) resolution capacitance sensor for scanning capacitance microscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Here we present a technique, the Schottky Scanning Capacitance Microscopy (SSCM) developed by the University of Manitoba SPM lab, for measuring carrier profiles on semiconductor device cross-sections. SSCM utilizes a sharp conducting probe tip that is raster scanned in contact with the sample surface. As a result of the work function difference between the two materials, a space charge depletion region and therefore a capacitor is formed at the interface. By applying a small ac voltage, the voltage derivative of the contact capacitance can be measured with a capacitance sensor and a lock-in amplifier. These voltage derivative measurements are used to delineate regions of different doping levels and dopant type with high spatial resolution. In this thesis we also present experimental results obtained from imaging cross-sections of a wide variety of semiconductor devices. A newly designed capacitance sensor is presented. A conversion algorithm was written to convert the measured data to carrier concentration.(Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".