The economic disadvantage of transportation for women in Northern Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis is an investigation of transportation for rural women living in Northern Ontario to establish: (i) travel modes of women in northern Ontario (ii) how women's lives are affected by their transportation options (iii) the extent that transportation is a barrier to employment and labour market services and (iv) what options are available for rural communities in northern Ontario to improve transportation. This study found transportation has a deep affect on the lives of women living in rural northern Ontario, restricting their participation in social and economic opportunities. Women with lower incomes experience more problems with transportation in terms of affording a private vehicle but other transportation barriers affect all income groups. Service provider organizations must also find ways to connect with clients who do not have reliable transportation with limited resources at their disposal. While there is a high level of interest in improving work related skills in northern Ontario, availability of education and training programs in rural parts of the north is limited. Innovations in service delivery and affordable alternatives to personal vehicles are needed to help women and the region reach their economic potential.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".