Dysfonction des tissus adipeux et obésité viscérale chez la femme
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Robust clinical and epidemiological studies now support the notion that excess fat accumulation within the abdominal cavity is strongly associated with metabolic alterations such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.Adipose tissue dysfunction, leading to limited lipid storage and reduced adipose tissue expandability, represents one of the major mechanisms to explain the link between visceral obesity and metabolic alterations.The pathogenesis of adipose tissue dysfunction is characterized by 1) excess visceral fat accumulation; 2) adipocyte hypertrophy and impaired adipogenesis; 3) increased number of immune cells infiltrating adipose tissue; 4) changes in the cellular composition of adipose tissue; and 5) secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.The overall objective of this thesis is to examine functional and morphological characteristics of human abdominal adipose tissues in association with the pathophysiological impact of visceral obesity.To achieve our objective, we have developed approaches to target each aspect of adipose tissue dysfunction using omental and subcutaneous fat surgical samples obtained in lean to obese women.Body composition and fat distribution were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and computed tomography, respectively.First, we found that excess visceral fat accumulation is a strong marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue, which is characterized by hypertrophic adipocytes of the large cell populations and increased proportion of small cells in both fat compartments.Furthermore, our results revealed that hypertrophic adipocytes in both fat compartments are characterized by alterations in adipocyte lipolysis and adipose tissue expression of genes coding for proteins involved in adipocyte metabolism or inflammation.We demonstrated that preadipocytes from the omental fat compartment released more PGF2α in response to inflammatory stimuli compared to those from the subcutaneous fat, indirectly suggesting a predisposition of omental fat cells to respond to inflammation through this mechanism.As previously demonstrated in other models, we found that the aldose reductase AKR1B1 has a predominant role in PGF2α synthesis by human preadipocytes.Our studies demonstrated that only collagen deposition around adipocytes, especially in the omental fat compartment, is associated with adipocyte measurements and cardiovascular risk variables.Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that pericellular collagen accumulation may be more detrimental than total collagen accumulation and may contribute to adipose tissue dysfunction by limiting further adipocyte expansion.In conclusion, our studies show that many aspects of adipose tissue dysfunction are associated with visceral obesity and cardiometabolic alterations.v
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".