The European Fire Ant, Myrmica rubra (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Credit River Valley Watershed
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The European fire ant, Myrmica rubra (Linneaus) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is an ant species native to Europe that is invasive in the northern United States and Canada. M. rubra has proven very hard to control once it has invaded an area, and preventing the further spread of the species has become important for limiting its negative effects. Knowing what environmental factors are associated with high abundance of M. rubra can help to inform where efforts at limiting future spread should be aimed, but for most areas this information is lacking. In this study, pitfall traps were used to sample M. rubra abundance at ten sites managed by Credit Valley Conservation (CVC), in the Credit River watershed in southern Ontario. These data were combined with environmental data gathered by CVC and used to determine whether the surrounding urban cover of sites, the disturbance level of sites and the wetness of sites are associated with M. rubra abundance. The surrounding urban cover of a site emerged as the most important predictor variable of M. rubra abundance, with more surrounding urban cover having higher M. rubra abundance. Higher wetness and disturbance also both predicted higher M. rubra abundance in the Credit River watershed. This information can be used to help target prevention and management efforts at sites that may be particularly vulnerable to future M. rubra invasion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".