Functional characterization of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) and renal epithelial anion currents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hypertension is a globally prevalent disease where diagnoses are expected to rise over time.Hyperaldosteronism, a cause of hypertension, is associated with urinary Mg 2+ wasting.As plasma [Mg 2+ ] and blood pressure are inversely correlated, Mg 2+ wasting phenotypes may be relevant in understanding hypertension.However, Mg 2+ transport mechanisms are poorly understood and Mg 2+ permeable channels are rarely described.Recently, aldosterone was shown to rapidly increase [Mg 2+ ] i in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells exogenously expressing a Mg 2+ permeable ion channel, transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7).Whether or not TRPM7 was directly modulated by aldosterone was not explored.This thesis reveals that chronic aldosterone treatment increased TRPM7 macroscopic current and plasma membrane expression.This process was dependent on genomic signaling and induction of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), an aldosteroneinduced secondary mediator known to increase the plasma membrane abundance of renal Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Cl -channels.Acute effects of aldosterone were not observed.The implication of aldosterone, MR, SGK1, and TRPM7 is highly relevant in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron where aldosterone has biological action and the MR, SGK1, and TRPM7 are endogenously expressed.To determine if the aldosterone/TRPM7 relationship occurred in native tissues, immortalized cells from the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, mouse distal convoluted tubule (MDCT), were evaluated as prior electrophysiological characterizations indicated that TRPM7 may represent the functionally dominant current.In this thesis, MDCT cells were proven to express functionally dominant anion currents in both neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.0) extracellular environments.These currents were named the "constitutive anion current" and the "acid-induced anion current", respectively.ii Electrophysiological analyses of these currents rendered them unique, suggesting they represent newly discovered mammalian currents.The constitutive anion current activated in a timeindependent manner, was inhibited by high [Ca 2+ ] o , and had a selectivity sequence of I ->Br -≥Cl -, matching no previously characterized anion current.The acid-induced anion current was timeindependent, activated slowly in response to acidic extracellular solutions, and had a selectivity sequence of I ->Br ->Cl -, once again matching no previously characterized acid-induced anion current.Currents with similar current-voltage (I-V) relationships, pH sensitivities, and acidactivation kinetics were also discovered in immortalized mouse inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD-3) cells.Thus, it is likely that the multiple cells in the mouse distal nephron express large anion currents.These results are significant because current renal paradigms highlight the importance Na + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ channels in distal tubular function, but scarcely mention the role of large anion currents.The potential implications of these conclusions are broad as there is a high degree of homology between mouse and human renal ion channels, indicating that human distal tubular cells may have similar electrophysiological characteristics.iii RÉSUMÉ Hypertension est une maladie où la fréquence du diagnostique est présumée d'augmenter avec le temps.Hyperaldosteronism, une cause d'hypertension, est associé avec Mg 2+ urinaire débilitant.Lorsque la concentration de plasma Mg 2+ et tension artérielle sont en corrélation inverse, c'est possible que la phénotype Mg 2+ débilitant est pertinent pour la compréhension d'hypertension.Cependant, les mécanismes du transport de Mg 2+ sont mal compris.Récemment, aldosterone était montrer d'augmenter la quantité de Mg 2+ intracellulaire rapidement dans les cellules human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) qui expressaient une canal Mg perméable, transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7).Si TRPM7 a été directement moduler par aldosterone n'était pas explorer.C'est mémoire révèle que le traitement chronique d'aldosterone augmente TRPM7 courant macroscopique et expression au membrane plasmique.Ce processus était dépendant sur le signal génomique et induction du sérum et glucocorticoidregulated kinase 1 (SGK1), une aldosterone-induit médiateur secondaire connu d'augmenter l'abandonce de rénal Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , et Cl -canal ionique au membrane plasmique.Des effets perçant d'aldosterone n'étaient observer.L'implication d'adosterone, MR, SGK1, et TRPM7 est très relevant dans le aldosteronesensible néphron distal où aldosterone a des actions biologique et MR, SGK1, et TRPM7, sont exprimés du façon endogène.Pour déterminer si c'est interaction se présente dans un environnement endogène, des cellules immortelles du aldosterone-sensible néphron distal, tubule contourné distal du souris (MDCT), étaient évaluer lorsque des descriptions d'électrophysiologie précédent ont indiqués que TRPM7 peut possiblement représenter le courant dominant fonctionnel.iv Dans ce mémoire, des cellules MDCT était éprouver d'exprimer le courant anion fonctionnellement dominant dans les environnement cellulaires neutre (pH 7.4) et acide (pH 5.0).Ces courants étaient nommé le "constitutive anion current" and le "acid-induced anion current", respectivement.Les analyses d'électrophysiologie de ces courants les-rends unique, suggérer qu'ils sont une courant mammalien non découvert.Le 'constitutive anion current' était activer dans une manière dépendant sur le temps, était aussi inhibé par des concentrations de Ca 2+ extracellulaire élever et avait une séquence sélective de I ->Br -≥Cl -, cela ne corresponde aucune courant anion déjà décrit.Le 'acid-induced anion current' était temps-indépendant, et activait lentement en réponse d'une défi extracellulaire acide et avait une séquence sélective de of I ->Br - >Cl -, encore cela ne corresponde pas a une 'acid-induced anion current' déjà décrit.Des courants en lien courant-voltage (I-V), pH sensible, et cinétique acide-activé étaient aussi découvert dans des cellules immortel conduit interne de collecte médullaire du souris.Ainsi, y a de fortes chance que le néphron distal du souris exprime des grand courants anions.Ces résultats sont significatifs parce que les paradigme rénal actuel surligne l'importance de Na + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ canal ionique dans les fonctions du tubule distal, où les implications due grand anion courant reste largement inéxploré.Les implications potentielles sont vaste lorsqu'il y a une dégrée élever de homologie entre le canal ionique rénal du souris et humaine, pis cela donne indication que les cellules du tubule distal humain ont une signature d'électrophysiologie similaire.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".