Hot water epilepsy (HWE) familial and nonfamilial case reports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reflex epilepsy is a form of epilepsy precipitated by a specific stimulus and events. Seizure precipitation by hot water during bathing is named as "hot water" or "bathing epilepsy" which is a rare and unique form of reflex epilepsy. It is especially common in Southern India and of higher frequency in Muslims among them. There are also isolated and rare case reports from Australia, Japan, Canada and the United States. A small series of patients with hot water epilepsy (HWE) was reported from Turkey. The cases with HWE may be sporadic or familial. Our aim is to outline the clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features of four patients with hot water epilepsy, seen at our clinic. One of our patients has a family history of epilepsy. The second and third generation of family members had seizures during bathing. It is important to ask patients with HWE about bathing habits (pouring hot water over the head from a bowl), the temperature and amount of bathing water, the duration of bathing, any additional spontaneous seizures and family history. Sometimes this is enough to eliminate precipitating factors for treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".