Identifying How Attitudes and Self-Directed Learning Affect the Perceived Barriers to Reducing Single-Use Plastics in the Back-Of-House of Ontario Restaurants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Single-use plastic consumption is a global issue, with foodservice packaging making up a large proportion. The literature has focussed on front-of-house single-use plastics, however the barriers to reducing single-use plastics in the back-of-house of Ontario restaurants is the focus of this study. This study uses qualitative interviews with small to medium sized restaurant operators in Ontario. This study finds that the most common barriers to reducing single-use plastics in the back-of-house are: cost, lack of time, and suppliers. The study also finds that there is a disconnect between the participants’ attitudes towards single-use plastic and their perceived barriers, and that self-directed learning is present amongst all participants but that a lack of access to resources for learning is a barrier in itself. This study has implications for restaurant owners and operators attempting to reduce their single-use plastic consumption, and for applying self-directed learning to a new context.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".