The mediating role of paternal depressive symptoms on the association between social support and family factors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fathers experience more depressive symptoms than non-fathers. However, little is known about how fathers’ depressive symptoms affect the relationship between perceived social support and coparenting quality or perceived social support and parenting stress. This study aimed to explore the relationship between social support, paternal depressive symptoms, coparenting quality, and parenting stress. Additionally, it looked at this relationship at different child developmental stages and from different sources of social support. Participants were recruited through parenting organizations, programs, and support groups across Canada and the United States. Ninety-five fathers of typically developing children, aged 2-11 years old, completed an online survey. Moderated mediation analyses, using Hayes’ PROCESS macro, determined non-significant indirect effects of paternal social support on both coparenting quality and parenting stress through paternal depressive symptoms while child stage served as a moderator variable. Several significant indirect effects were identified when child stage was not considered. The findings have several societal, research, and clinical implications to improve family functioning.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".