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Record W7030155232

Microstructure and Oxidation Behavior Comparison Between Vertical, Upskin and Unsupported Downskin of SS316L LPBF Dome Structure

2024· dissertation· en· W7030155232 on OpenAlexaff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2024
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicCellular and Composite Structures
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMicrostructureDome (geology)Deformation (meteorology)WeldingCompression (physics)
DOInot available

Abstract

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As the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology progresses, developing protocols for reducing and/or supportless printing of overhang downward-facing surfaces becomes increasingly critical for enhancing the economic and environmental efficiency of the process.The present study investigates the possible mismatch in microstructural, mechanical and oxidation behaviour of LPBF SS316L samples printed at 90 and 0° angles and including downward-facing low-angle overhang surfaces, in both as-built and heat-treated conditions.In as-built (AB) condition, primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) was measured at 0.72 ± 0.09 and 3.19 ± 0.20 µm for the bulk and downskin surface, yielding a microhardness value of 244 ± 5 and 225 ± 3 HV, respectively.In addition, secondary dendritic arms are observed to form at the downskin, where the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) is measured at 0.99 ± 0.18 µm.A continuous growth model microsegregation analysis showed microsegregation level near equilibrium values.For the heat treated (HT) condition, the cellular structure recrystallized, leading to a grain size measurement of 31 ± 3 and 26 ± 3 µm at the bulk and downskin surfaces, respectively, revealing that the grain growth rate observed at the downskin surfaces is slower than that of the bulk.The microhardness values were measured at 184 ± 4 and 195 ± 3 HV for the HT bulk and downskin surfaces.Post 100 hrs. of oxidation treatment at 900°C, x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Cr2FeO4 and Cr2MnO4 oxides at the AB and HT bulk and downskin surfaces.While the scale thickness for the bulk and downskin were measured at 3.7 ± 1.7, 3.8 ± 1.8 and 7.9 ± 2.4 and 7.1 ± 2.1 µm for the AB and HT condition, respectively.Electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed the formation of SiO2 oxide along the grain boundaries. III RésuméAu fur et à mesure que la technologie LPBF progresse, le développement de protocoles pour l'impression réduite et/ou sans support de surfaces en porte-à-faux orientées vers le bas devient de plus en plus essentiel pour améliorer l'efficacité économique et environnementale du processus.Par conséquent, cette thèse pose un contexte fondamental de la procédure, des paramètres, des propriétés résultantes et de sa performance économique globale.Avec un manque de connaissances dans la littérature disponible, cette recherche cherche à apporter de nouvelles idées et de nouveaux résultats pour développer et explorer davantage ladite technologie.La présente étude examine le décalage possible dans le comportement microstructurel, mécanique et à l'oxydation des échantillons LPBF SS316L imprimés à des angles de 90 et 0° et y compris les surfaces en porte-à-faux à faible angle orientées vers le bas, à la fois dans des conditions telles que construites et traitées thermiquement.Dans des conditions AB, le PDAS a été mesuré à 0,72 ± 0,09 et 3,19 ± 0,20 μm pour la surface en vrac et la surface duvet, ce qui a donné une valeur de microdureté de 244 ± 5 et 225 ± 3 HV, respectivement.De plus, on observe la formation de bras dendritiques secondaires au niveau de la peau duveteuse, où le SDAS est mesuré à 0,99 ± 0,18 μm.Une analyse de microségrégation sur modèle de croissance continue a montré un niveau de microségrégation proche des valeurs d'équilibre.Pour la condition HT, on observe que la structure cellulaire se recristallise, ce qui conduit à une mesure de la taille des grains de 31 ± 3 et de 26 ± 3 μm aux surfaces de la peau en vrac et de la peau duveteuse, respectivement, révélant que le taux de recristallisation observé aux surfaces de la peau inférieure est plus lent que celui de la peau en vrac.Les valeurs de microdureté ont été mesurées à 184 ± 4 et 195 ± 3 HV sur les surfaces HT en vrac et en duvet.Poste 100 hrs.traitement oxydatif à 900°C, l'analyse XRD a confirmé la IV formation d'oxydes Fe2O3, Cr2O3, Cr2FeO4 et Cr2MnO4 sur les surfaces en vrac et en duvet AB et HT.Alors que l'épaisseur de l'échelle pour le vrac et le duvet est mesurée à 3,7 ± 1,7, 3,8 ± 1,8 et 7,9 ± 2,4 et 7,1 ± 2,1 μm pour les conditions AB et HT, respectivement.L'analyse EDS a révélé la formation d'oxyde de SiO2 le long des joints de grains.Ces informations permettent de poursuivre les développements vers une commercialisation réussie de la fabrication sans support LPBF.

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How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.001
Threshold uncertainty score0.004

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.231
Teacher spread0.223 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2024
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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