Phytosanitary Treatments to Control Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), and Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma Delicatula (White)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phytosanitary treatments to limit the spread of quarantine insects from the United States of America (USA) are required by certain importers. This work focused on developing treatments for disinfesting commodities, horticultural and non-horticultural, harboring brown marmorated stinkbug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål), and spotted lanternfly (SLF), Lycorma Delicatula (White), eggs. BMSB is an invasive pest that affects both urban and agricultural areas. During winter months, diapausing BMSB seek shelter inside covered spaces, dwellings, vehicles, and intermodal containers used for international commerce. BMSB “hitchhiking” within vehicles and intermodal containers is of critical concern to horticultural producers of Australia (AUS) and New Zealand (NZ) whose governments require phytosanitary treatments to mitigate risk. The efficacies of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) fumigation and controlled atmosphere (CA) heat treatments are reported to aid the establishment of treatments for US refugia bound for AUS and NZ. SLF is a quarantine insect that more recently invaded the USA in 2014 and can cause serious damage to agriculture. Cryptically deposited on the surface of logs, lumber, bark, furniture, vehicles, and other "outdoor" materials, SLF eggs are the most difficult life stage to detect, the most likely life stage to be transported by commerce, and of critical concern to the Canadian government. The efficacies of sulfuryl fluoride (SF) and methyl bromide (MB) fumigation are reported to aid the establishment of fumigation schedules for Mid-Atlantic lumber bound for Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".