Traditional food consumption and nutritional status of Dalit mothers and young children in rural Andhra Pradesh, South India
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and vitamin A and iron deficiencies are major public health problems in India.Traditional food systems are known to be sustainable, high in species variety and have rich nutrient sources.This thesis describes nutritional status in Dalit mothers and children living in villages with the Alternative Public Distribution Program (APDS), a community food security program based on traditional agriculture, and in control villages.We recruited 263 Dalit mother-child (6 -39 months) pairs from 19 APDS and 18 control villages in the Medak District.Food frequency questionnaires and 24-hour recalls were used during two seasons in 2003.A socio-cultural questionnaire including anthropometry and clinical eye examination were obtained during rainy season.In summer, mothers from APDS villages consumed more frequently millet (18% vs 8%, P = 0.04) every week, and had higher intake of energy (mean ± SD: 12,197 ± 3,515 kJ vs. Il,172 ± 3,352 kJ; P = 0.02) and protein (77.5 ± 25.1 g vs. 71.1 ± 25.2 g; P = 0.05).During rainy season, they had higher intakes of energy (11,168 ± 3,335 kJ vs. 10,168 ± 3,730 kJ; P = 0.04), protein (68.9 ± 22.6 g vs. 60.4 ± 23.8 g; P < 0.01) and iron (15.8 ± 6.6 mg vs. 13.7 ± 9.1 mg; P < 0.01).Overall, 58% of mothers were chronic energy deficient (BMI <18.5 kg/m 2 ) and intake of pulses (g / day) was inversely associated with chronic energy deficiency (OR = 0.98, P <0.01).Sorghum consumption (OR = 0.99, P = 0.03) was inversely correlated with the occurrence of clinical vitamin A deficiency symptoms which was prevalent in mothers (16%).More children from APDS villages weekly consumed millet (18% vs 7%, P = 0.05) in summer and sorghum (76% vs 60%, P = 0.02) every day during rainy season.The prevalence of stunted, wasted and underweight children was 33%, 52%, and 63%, respectively.Our findings show that dietary patterns, but not nutritional status, differ between mothers from villages with and without APDS.Malnutrition (PEM, vitamin A deficiency) is a prevalent problem in these rural poor communities and traditiona1 food consumption plays a key protective role.v , , RESUME La malnutrition est un problème majeur de santé publique en Inde.Les systèmes alimentaires traditionnels sont connus pour être suffisants et riches en sources de nutriments.La présente thèse décrit les modes du statut nutritionnel des mères Da/it et enfants vivant dans les villages ayant le 'Programme de distribution publique alternative' (ADPS), une programme de sécurité alimentaire basé sur l'agriculture traditionnel, ainsi que dans des villages contrôles.Nous avons recruté 263 mères DaZit avec un enfant (6-39 mois) provenant de 19 villages avec APDS et 18 villages contrôles.Les questionnaires de fréquence alimentaire et des rappels de 24 heures ont été utilisés pendant deux saisons en 2003.Un questionnaire socioculturel incluant anthropométrie et des examens cliniques des yeux a été menés pendant la saison des pluies.Pendant l'été, les mères des villages avec APDS ont consommé plus souvent du millet (18% vs 8%, P = 0.04) chaque semaine, et avaient des apports d'énergie plus élevés (moyenne ± CD: 12,197 ± 3,515 kJ vs. Il,172 ± 3,352 kJ; P = 0.02) et de protéines (77.5 ± 25.1 g vs. 71.1 ± 25.2 g; P = 0.05).Durant la saison des pluies, elles avaient des apports plus élevés d'énergie (11,168 ± 3,335 kJ vs. 10,168 ± 3,730 kJ; P = 0.04), protéines (68.9 ± 22.6 g vs. 60.4 ± 23.8 g; P < 0.01) et de fer (15.8 ± 6.6 mg vs. 13.7 ± 9.1 mg; P < 0.01).Globalement, 58% des mères avaient un déficit énergétique chronique (BMI <18.5 kg/m 2 ) et l'apport de légumes secs (g / jour) était inversement associés (OR = 0.98, P <0.01).La carence clinique en vitamine A était prévalente chez 16% des mères et la consommation de sorgho s'était inversement associés (OR = 0.99, P = 0.03).Plus d'enfants de villages APDS consommaient du millet (18% vs 7%, P = 0.05) par semaine en été et du sorgho (76% vs 60%, P = 0.02) chaque jour pendant la saison des pluies.Les prévalences d'insuffisance staturo-pondérale et émaciation et d'insuffisance pondérale étaient de 33%,52%, et 63%, respectivement.Nos résultats montrent que les apports nutritionnels diffèrent entre les mères des villages avec ou sans APDS mais pas leur statut nutritionnel.Le déficit nutritionnel est une problème prévalent dans ces communautés rurales pauvres et les aliments traditionnels jouent un rôle clé et la consommation leur protège.VI experience possible for me with her dedication to traditional food systems and Indigenous Peoples.Her valuable time, guidance, support and experience were the essential ingredients to this work, along with the openness for this work from Mr. P .V. Satheesh and Mrs. Salome Yesudas.Most of my appreciation goes to Salome, who carried
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".