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Record W7034998953

유가 상승에 따른 경제적 부담 및 변화 추이

2011· book· ko· W7034998953 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueKDI Central Archives (Korea Development Institute) · 2011
Typebook
Languageko
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicCrustacean biology and ecology
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFinancial crisisPaceCurrent accountQuarter (Canadian coin)Growth rateProduction (economics)Exchange rateWorld economy
DOInot available

Abstract

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□\t우리 경제는 견실한 수출 증가와 양호한 내수를 기반으로 잠재성장률 수준의 성장세를 유지할 것으로 전망됨.\n2011년에 4.2%, 2012년에 4.3%의 성장률을 기록할 것으로 예상됨.\n소비자물가는 2011년 4.1%의 높은 상승률을 기록하고, 2012년에는 3.3%의 상승률을 기록할 전망\n경상수지는 내수 증가, 원화가치 강세, 국제유가 상승 등을 반영하여 흑자폭\n\n\n□\tThe Korean economy is forecast to grow at a pace close to the potential growth rate, supported by the steady improvement in exports and domestic demand.\nKorea's GDP growth rate is expected to record 4.2% in 2011 and 4.3% in 2012.\nCPI growth is expected to rise high to 4.1% in 2011 and decrease to 3.3% in 2012.\nThe current account surplus is expected to decrease from $11.2 billion in 2011 to $8.2 billion in 2012, reflecting the rising domestic demand, the strong trend of the Korean won, and the soaring international oil prices. \n \n\nⅠ. Current Economic Conditions\n\n\n□\tAfter the rapid recovery from the global financial crisis, the Korean economy is normalizing and accordingly, the growth pace is adjusting close to the potential growth rate.\nRecovering fast from the financial crisis, the Korean economy registered a growth high growth rate of 7.5 percent in the second quarter of 2010, and then gradually normalized with a growth rate of 4.2% in the first quarter of 2011. \n- Korea's potential growth rate was estimated to be at a low to mid 4% level before the global financial crisis and this potential growth rate still holds, considering the causes of the recent crisis and Korea's response to the crisis.\nThe production in both the mining & manufacturing and service industries recently show signs of slight moderation in the adjustment process of the rapid upward trend since the second quarter of 2010.\nProduction․inventory cycle appears to gradually return to the normal business cycle of the pre-crisis period, as the growth in inventory declines while the growth in the mining & manufacturing production is being maintained. \n□\tExports continue a steady upward trend while domestic demand generally maintains a modest pace.\nPrivate consumption continues to rise at a moderate pace, as household incomes rises due to the improvement in employment conditions. \n- In 2011, household income is projected to grow steadily, as the proportion of labor income (the salary payment of employees against GDP) recovers at a gradual pace after a sharp fall in 2010.\nEquipment investment maintains a favorable upward trend, but investment in construction appears to remain weak even up until recently with a delay in its recovery.\nMeanwhile, exports continue a steady growth pace, as emerging market economies sustain the growth momentum and advanced economies are gradually improving. \n□\tEmployment appears to improve, influenced by the continuing growth of exports and domestic demand.\nEmployment growth has been sustained with approximately 400,000 persons since the mid 2010, mainly supported by the private sector. Influenced by growing employment possibilities, the labor force participation rate has risen.\nThe rise in employment is increasingly evident particularly in the manufacturing industry and among regular workers, which indicates improvement in the quality of employment. \n□\tCPI continues to rise at a high rate, influenced by the demand-side factors as well as the supply-side factors.\nCPI inflation, which was mainly triggered by the supply-side factors, such as the agricultural, livestock and marine products and international raw materials, combined with the aggregate demand pressure, which has been accumulated during the economic recovery process, spread to the service industry.\nAs the high inflation raises the expectation for price hikes, there are concerns of continuing inflation due to a vicious cycle of the 'price-wage spiral.' \n- The rate of wage growth, which in the past was close to the nominal economic growth rate, fell much lower, in relative term after the financial crisis. \n- As the Demand for salary increase is expected due to the improved corporate performance and employment conditions along with the rising expectation of inflation, which w

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.576
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0020.004
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0020.002
Research integrity0.0010.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0200.015

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.020
GPT teacher head0.204
Teacher spread0.184 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreOther

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2011
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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