Bereavement issues among Filipinos in America
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research was developed to explore bereavement issues among Filipinos in America.Through observations, interview and limited research, it seems evident that what r~mains dominant and specific to this particular cultural group is their deep Catholic faith and strong sense of familialism.Philippine tradition reveals characteristic pre-historic and present-day burial rituals and practices, strongly rooted in Catholicism.Based on research, funeral and bereavement practices among Filipinos in America have somewhat diverted from traditional ways.Prehistoric burial customs involve tree-trunk burials as well as in platforms and jars.Ritual dramas and epic songs were characteristic expressions of respect to the departed during the last century.Present-day burial practices of Filipinos in America still reflect the same sentiments of Catholicism and farnilialism, but in some cases may seem to be expressed in different ,vays. 1 rhe loss of a loved one while in America not only results in increased homesickness, but also a void that needs to be filled.In an interview with a director of an Oxnard mortuary, it was learned that fifty percent of Filipino fam.ilies request the burial to be held in the home country (either by cremating the bady in America and sending the ashes to the Philit>pines or by shipping the casket).The remaining fifty percent choose to go through the traditional Philippine V burial in American grounds.Vigil is still practiced here in America as it Ei-in present day Philippine;.-However, here, friends and families are requested not to stay at the funeral chapel overnight as mortuary staff are not available through the duration of the wake.The practice of giving abuloy (monetary donation) still remains consistent both in the home country and in America, as a gesture of reciprocity (utang na loob).The affective experience of loss remains powerful whether in the new Philippine cultural tradition or the old.Bereavement practices of Filipinos in America continue to be meaningful and maintain a rich expression of grief and an aspect of the Philippine culture.vi
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".