THE CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUND ICE DEPOSITS USING GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR TECHNIQUES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study explores the capabilities of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in the task of characterizing ground ice and the role this instrument can play in understanding the geomorphology of the cryosphere. The first article investigates the dielectric permittivity of ground ice using on-ice common-midpoint (CMP) GPR surveys conducted over massive stratified segregation ice, non-stratified segregation ice, and polygon ice wedges located on Ellesmere and Devon Islands, Nunavut. In comparison with ice cores, it was found that the dielectric permittivity of ground ice is most influenced by the volumetric ice content. This\nrelationship appears to follow a modified complex refractive index (CRIM) dielectric mixing model. The second study applies the Brewster angle of incidence method to determine the dielectric permittivity of ground ice using endfire CMP surveys conducted atop the active layer. This method was able to predict dielectric permittivities within one dielectric unit of those established in the first article.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".