Cocrystals of Azo Chromophores as engineered optical materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The work outlined in this thesis describes the investigation of the design, synthesis, and optical properties of azo-dye based cocrystals. Azobenzenes have long been studied as a versatile chromophore for optical materials such as dyes, colourings, and photo-switches for photo-alignment or photo-actuation applications. The crystal engineering of fluorinated azobenzenes (co)crystals for dichroic and photo-mechanical properties has recently been explored by our group, and this thesis represents an investigation of these novel materials towards understanding their optical photophenomena.Building upon the knowledge that simple, often two-component cocrystals can be designed to exhibit dichroism by parallel alignment of the chromophore within a crystal, Chapter 2 describes the creation and dichroism of materials of greater complexity, achieved by the incorporation of a greater number of components. It demonstrates that the dichroic properties of these materials are tolerant of dynamic disorder provided that the azo molecules remain aligned, and also presents the expansion of our work from purely organic cocrystals to the realm of organic/inorganic salts.Chapter 3 charts the unexpected discovery of a novel photo-response exhibited by a loosely-bound azo cocrystal, that of soft-Laser Beam Machining. Irradiation with highly absorbing wavelengths on the order of tens of milliWatts per square centimeter were sufficient to provide highly precise removal of material without charring or otherwise damaging to the surrounding areas. The remainder of the chapter addresses the investigation into the mechanism of this phenomenon, suggesting a localized thermal desolvation process as the underlying cause.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".