Comparative analysis of employment and self-employment in North Macedonia and the Western Balkans
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unemployment has reached historic lows in most Western Balkan countries, but remains higher than in EU countries. Unemployment continues to decline, with the region experiencing a significant decline in long-term unemployment from 1.5 million in 2011 to 776,000 people, or 10.5 percent of the labor force, in the second quarter of 2018. However, unemployment and self-employment remained significant a challenge in the Western Balkans, where levels were two to three times higher than in the respective EU countries. The paper follows the trend of market development and market movements in the six Western Balkan countries, which includes Macedonia. The comparison is based on data on labor market indicators for South East Europe (SEE). The purpose of this paper is to highlight the general situation data and provide guidance on how the labor markets in the Western Balkans have evolved over the past year, namely employment and self-employment, with a focus on the Macedonian labor market.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it