COVID-19 and the Gender Employment\nGap among Parents of Young Children
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La pandémie de COVID-19 a radicalement changé la vie active. À l'aide des données de l'Enquête sur la population active, les auteures montrent que les écarts entre les sexes au chapitre de l'emploi chez les parents de jeunes enfants se sont considérablement creusés entre février et mai 2020, abstraction faite des différences dans les fonctions et les caractéristiques personnelles. Les écarts entre les sexes se sont amplifiés davantage chez les parents d'enfants fréquentant l'école primaire que chez les parents d'enfants du préscolaire, ainsi que chez les parents moins scolarisés. Pour faciliter le rétablissement après la pandémie et se prémunir contre les perturbations à venir attribuables aux ravages de la pandémie, les décideurs devraient se concentrer sur la constitution d'un secteur de santé publique accessible et solidement financé et sur la mise en oeuvre de politiques souples en matière de congés au-delà de la période de la petite enfance, afin d'aider les parents qui travaillent à gérer les exigences de leur rôle familial de manière équitable. Abstract: Working life in Canada has changed dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Labour Force Survey data, we show that gender employment gaps among parents of young children widened considerably between February and May 2020, net of differences in job and personal characteristics. Gender gaps grew more for parents of elementary school-aged children rather than preschoolers, and among less educated parents. To aid postpandemic recovery and prepare for future disruptive disasters/pandemics, policy-makers should focus attention on fostering an accessible, well-funded public care sector and implementing flexible leave policies beyond the period of infancy to help working parents manage caregiving demands equitably.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".