Gevangenis of toevluchtsoord?: Vrouwen en de Rijkswerkinrichtingen in Nederland 1886-1934
Bibliographic record
Abstract
More than a thousand women ended up in a state labour institution (SLI) in the Netherlands between 1886 and 1934. Why did they end up there? The nuisance caused by vagrants in many Western countries reached a peak in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. This led to new measures and institutions. In the Netherlands, it resulted in the transformation of the existing beggars' colonies into state labour institutions. Beggars and vagrants risked being sent to a SLI for at least three months up to a maximum of three years. Here they were forced to work. Courts could only sentence people to the SLI who were capable of working. The many women with disabilities or illnesses in this institution raised the question of whether their punishment was solely the result of persecution by the police and justice. Could some of them have been the agents of their own incarceration? In order to answer this question, their path to, in and out of the SLI was followed using various sources. These show that several poor, single, old and ill women used the SLI as a temporary emergency solution, making it function as both a prison and a refuge.<br>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".