Europe and the Maghreb: Its Impact and Importance in US Foreign Policy. Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series Vol. 11, No. 7, October 2011
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is recognized transatlantically that the United States will not single-handedly shape a New World Order as some speculated at the turn of this century. Instead, a neo-regionalism appears to be developing in many parts of the world, including the Euro-Mediterranean, with aspiring potential regional hegemons, such as Turkey, Iran, possibly Syria, as well as an enhanced presence in the Mediterranean of Russian and Chinese non-commercial vessels. This rapidly changing greater Euro-Mediterranean region has the potential for a more democratic paradigm in which to approach new and old security threats of neighboring countries – and yet perhaps a fear of an all-too powerful America being replaced by a fear of its imminent weakening (British Council 2008). The role of the expected continued presence of the U.S. in the (greater) Mediterranean and Middle East, through NATO, the Mediterranean Dialogue, the Istanbul Cooperation Initiative, as well as a number of (ad hoc) peacekeeping missions (such as in and off the coast of Somalia) are analyzed from its bilateral as well multilateral structural embeddedness in the Euro-Mediterranean region. Especially the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM)1 would fit Van Langenhove‟s (2007) concept of a (hypothetical) “Third Regionalism”, whereby the institutional environment for dealing with "out of area" consequences of regional policies would become fully consolidated, regions become more proactive in engaging with inter-regional arrangements and agreements, going beyond purely trade issues with a multidimensional character, and having the potential to affect more relations at the global level. The UfM‟s potential in contributing to regional security and stability (i.a. as nested in the EU‟s permanent delegation to the UN beyond its goal in terms of political, economic and social-cultural development), has the potential to consolidate competing preferences intra-regionally, while building on the shared history and cultural and institutional structures existing today in the Euro-Mediterranean “region”. This chapter will extrapolate the security implications of this region in terms of the revision, which previous research suggested (e.g. Boening 2008; 2009), to a Euro-Mediterranean Regional Security Complex (in light of the complexity of the internal securitization processes and the degree of security interdependence in the region) from the Middle Eastern Regional Security Complex, which Buzan and Waever‟s (2003) had proposed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".