Interannual-to-seasonal variability of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this thesis we examine the seasonal to interannual variability of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean over the last decade using both observations and models. The Topex/Poseidon altimeter is the primary source for the observational data, which are analysed to examine the seasonal-to-interannual surface variability of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. These data are also used to infer changes in the positions of the Subpolar Front and the large-scale circulation. Model output is provided from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean model (ECCO) and had been examined, firstly, to establish the realism of the model in the light of the altimeter data and historical observations. Then, secondly, to identify any further variability in the ocean system and to document associated forcing mechanisms. The tools used to identify principal modes of variability and any coupling within the climate system are those stemming from Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis. The analysis of the Topex/Poseidon data reveals that surface variability in the Subpolar Gyre region is primarily driven by the wind field, whereas in the Newfoundland Basin this is not the case. The study also confirmed previous hydrographic analysis that there had been significant shifts in the position of the Subpolar Front in the Iceland Basin over the last decade. Analysis of the position of the Subpolar Front in ECCO reveals much the same picture as in the altimeter data. It is demonstrated that the frontal shifts are as a result of a Sverdrup-like response of the ocean to variable wind forcing, of which the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the dominant modes. It is also thought that this mechanism could be responsible for the generation and subsequent eastward propagation of temperature anomalies along the pathway of the Subpolar Front. Another common feature present in both the altimeter data and output from ECCO is the weakening of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) and more generally the Subpolar Gyre over the last decade.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".