Identification and characterization of swarming sites used by bats in Nova Scotia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For insectivorous bats living in temperate areas such as Nova Scotia, underground sites are a critical resource for over-wintering, as well as for swarming in the late summer and early fall, which is when mating occurs. The objectives of this study were to 1) identify additional abandoned mines and caves in Nova Scotia that are important swarming sites, and 2) quantitatively characterize factors which best differentiate between caves and mines that are used for swarming/hibernating, and those that are not. Acoustic and/or trapping surveys of 17 abandoned mines and nine caves in Nova Scotia were conducted in 2010. Five site characteristics were analysed to explain differences between used and unused sites. Surveys indicated that twelve of the 26 sites are used by bats during the swarming period. Results of a logistic regression analysis of nine a priori selected models indicated that chamber length was the best predictor of swarming.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".