Bibliographic record
Abstract
Middle Atlantic Coast numbers in the L. Oneida Basin.The southernmost explorers reached only the Finger Lakes and the mid-Hudson valley, however.Having nested abundantly in the Adirondacks for two years, White-winged Crossbills were ready to spill into the lowlands when the cone crop failed.They are the likely origin of small flocks that hurried down the outer beaches and along interior ridges in late Oct and then disappeared, probably finding little food.The best places for them were Long I. barrier beaches (24 at Jones Beach 31 Oct; JF), Hawk Mt. (41 total, maximum 10 on 3 & 16 Nov), and Cape May (about 40 total for the season, fide PL).Only a handful reached interior lowlands, and the s.limits were Bucks, PA and S. Bethany Beach, DE 13 Nov (Lorraine Logan).Red Crossbills followed a different nomadic pattern.Totally absent from the Adirondacks, they were limited elsewhere in New York to a sprinkling in the Oneida L. basin and on Long I.Only s.New Jersey had numbers-e.g., 60 around Cape May 11 Nov, with many more over the remainder of the month and later there.The only inland report was one at L. Nockamixon S. E, Bucks, PA 6 Nov (AM).At Cape May, several forms seemed to be involved, suggesting w. origins.Common Redpolls, numerous on L. Ontario, ranged to Hawk Mt. (12; maximum 5 on 6 Nov) and down the coast as far as cen.Delaware.Pine Siskins, American Goldfinches, and Purple Finches mounted real invasions, though the latter were still below historic levels.Evening Grosbeaks, despite having bred in the Adirondacks last summer, remained a faint echo of the past.The largest of a dozen lowland reports were 24 at Hummelstown, Dauphin, PA 12 Nov (Jan Getgood) and 10 at Villas, Cape May, N130 Oct (D. Dowdell).EXOTICS Up to 6 Eurasian Collared-Doves hung around Selby, DE (Irene Goverts, m. ob., ph.Chip Krilowicz), near the Maryland border, where the first state record was established in 1998.Ringed Turtle-Doves, a feral form sold by pet dealers, have also been reported in Delaware, so Streptopelia doves need careful scrutiny.A Serin was photographed 29 Sep at Fort Tilden, Brooklyn, NY (Steve Nanz).As a popular cage bird, it is presumed an escapee.Even so, having spread massively westward across Europe this century (like Eurasian Collared-Doves), Serins are a potential candidate for natural vagrancy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.377 | 0.150 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".