Palaeoentomological investigations at seven sites of late Pliocene/Lower Pleistocene to Eemian age from western Europe, Britain and Ireland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
New palaeoentomological studies, based primarily on the Coleoptera are presented from Abington Hall, England (pre-Eemian glacial and early Eemian), Histon Road, England (Eemian or late Middle Pleistocene), Derrynadivva, Ireland (Gortian), Burren Townland, Ireland (Gortian), Ardleigh, England (early Middle Pleistocene), Öbel, Germany (Lower Pleistocene), and Bernasso, France (Plio-Pleistocene). Chapter 1: provides an introduction to studies in Quaternary Entomology and reviews the assumption of species stasis throughout the Quaternary upon which many conclusions rest. Chapter 2: provides a general methodology for the palaeoentomological studies of this thesis, and examines taphonomic effects on fossil assemblages. Chapter 3: evaluates the major factors that influence the composition of fossil interglacial assemblages of early Middle Pleistocene to Holocene age from this thesis and the literature. Stratigraphic age, local environmental conditions, trap type and sample size are considered using multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis, methods of multivariate analyses. Chapters 4 to 9: present palaeoentomological studies at the sites investigated for this work. The implications of the insect fauna regarding evolutionary biology, biogeography, biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic reconstruction, are discussed. Chapter 10: reviews major conclusions resulting from this work. A summary of conclusions and observations are as follows: The taxonomic composition of fossil assemblages are markedly unlike the catches of modern entomological trapping techniques investigated, despite apparently similar natural environments. Great caution is therefore required when drawing conclusions from the relative importance of ecological groupings, or other (semi-) quantitative data in the fossil record. Faunas from Bernasso and Öbel indicate morphological stasis of middle-latitude European beetle faunas since the Plio-Pleistocene and Lower Pleistocene respectively. Previously, comparative faunas from sediments older that the early Middle Pleistocene have been recovered only from high-latitude sites in the Greenland, Canadian and Alaskan arctic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".