Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in selected bacteria in healthy dogs and cats presented to private veterinary clinics in southern Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis is an investigation of the prevalence and risk factors associated with antimicrobial resistance in 'Escherichia coli', extended spectrum [beta]-lactamase (ESBL) 'E. coli', 'Salmonella ' and methicillin-resistant 'Staphylococcus aureus' (MRSA) and 'Staph. intermedius' (MRSI) in companion animals. Healthy dogs and cats without recent exposure to antimicrobials were enrolled from private veterinary clinics. Five isolates of 'E. coli' were recovered from each animal, but no isolates of 'Salmonella', MRSA/MRSI or ESBL-'E. coli' were recovered. A low prevalence of resistance was observed to the antimicrobials tested, yet multiple drug-resistance was observed. Three isolates of CMY-2 'E. coli' were recovered. Carriage of antimicrobial resistant/intermediately susceptible 'E. coli' was associated with consumption of raw meat, raw bones and pig ear treats, and antimicrobial therapy, in particular with short acting penicillin and enrofloxacin. This study is the first systematic investigation of the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in commensal 'E. coli' isolated from dogs and cats.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".