Responses of a prairie wetland food web to organophosphorus insecticide application and inorganic nutrient enrichment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Grazer and microbial constituents of a prairie wetland food web were manipulated using mesocosms in Blind Channel, Delta Marsh, Canada. Lorsban TM 4E (active ingredient chlorpyrifos) was applied once to treatment enclosures at a concentration of 10 ug/L. Additions of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were made to treatment enclosures for the duration of the 10-week experimental period. Impacts of insecticide or nutrients on abundance of invertebrates (Cladocera, Cyclopoida and Calanoida Copepoda, Ostracoda, Rotifera, Insecta, Gastropoda, Amphipoda) and planktonic bacteria were limited, with relatively few significant density changes observed. In contrast, structure of invertebrate communities did change substantially in response to treatment. Differential mortality of arthropods resulted from chlorpyrifos addition; within the water column, calanoids were more tolerant than cladocerans and cyclopoids; associated with submersed macrophytes, calanoids and harpacticoid copepods were more tolerant than cladocerans, cyclopoids, and ostracods. An increase in the proportional abundance of planktonic rotifers, and macrophyte-associated rotifers and oligochaetes was observed after insecticide treatment. Nutrient enrichment did not substantially alter invertebrate community structure. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the structure of the invertebrate communities at the species or group level. Percent cover of enclosure bottom by submersed macrophytes and alkalinity were the only significant variables in the CCA of the planktonic microinvertebrate community; 10 environmental variables in the CCA accounted for 90 % of the variance in the species data. Soluble reactive phosphorus was the only significant variable in the ccA for the macrophyte-associated microinvertebrate community; eight environmental variables in the CCA accounted for 89 % of the variance in the species data. Percent cover of enclosure bottom by submersed macrophytes and soluble reactive phosphorus were the only significant variables in the CCA of the macrophyte-associated macroinvertebrate community; eight environmental variables in the CCA accounted for 91 % of the variance in the taxa data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".