Skeletal Maturity Standards for French-Canadian Children of School-Age with a Discussion of the Reliability and Validity of Such Measures
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The results are reported of a cross-sectional study of 4,084 Montreal schoolchildren between the ages of 6 and 17. Hand-wrist X-rays of the children were evaluated according to the Tanner-Whitehouse skeletal maturity system. When scored by the 20-bone TWII weights, the results revealed a slight delay for the French-Canadian children compared to the British standards. However, when measured on the separate RUS and carpals weighting systems, the French- Canadians showed a large advance by the RUS system but delay by the carpals. A reliability study was made of the bone-stage coding, which was converted into reliability estimates for the final scores. The observed differences of up to 50 maturity points on the 20-bone scores could just be due to inter-assessor bias in the coding, but the larger differences of up to 120 points on the separate systems could not be so explained. The opposing direction of these differences suggests that skeletal maturity cannot be treated as a unitary concept.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it