Biodegradation of spent pulping liquor lignins under mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We conducted a laboratory scale feasibility study on the anaerobic treatment of spent pulping liquor effluent in upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactors. Tests showed that, in spite of high levels of sodiuk and lignin in the liquor, up to 80% of CODs can be successfully removed at a specific removal rate of 0.22 g and 0.57 g COD g⁻¹ VSS d⁻¹ for mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. Throughout the experiment, lignin accumulation occurred in the mesophilic, but not in the thermophilic reactor. Lignin measurements confirmed that up to 59% of lignin was degraded under thermophilic conditions. Higher activity of thermophilic biomass coupled with higher solubility, and therefore bioavailability of lignin under thermophilic conditions, contributed to the observed lignin removal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".