Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Energy Use and Retrofit Potential of Institutional Buildings at the University of Toronto St. George Campus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The average greenhouse gas intensity of institutional buildings at the University of Toronto St. George campus was 69kg eCO2/m2 in 2017-2018. In 2019, in line with the commitment to climate action, the University of Toronto set a goal for all three campuses to reduce the average building GHGI to below 32kg eCO2/m2 by 2030, meaning institutional buildings at the St. George campus must undergo major energy conservation changes to meet this reduction goal. An energy modelling analysis of a typical institutional building at the St. George campus was carried out using OpenStudio and RETScreen to demonstrate how a changing climate impacts the building energy consumption and associated GHG emissions and to further assess building retrofit potential through different individual passive and active energy efficient retrofit strategies and their combined scenarios. The results also provide insights into how different energy modelling simulation results compare in the context of a future climate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".