Cortical Excitability and its Relationship with Clinical Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Dementia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) studies of Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) have shown evidence of cortical hyper-excitability, however, its relationship with cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) remains unclear. Objectives: First, we conducted a system review and meta-analyses to quantitatively synthesis the evidence of cortical excitability in AD and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Next, we compared dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) excitability between AD and older healthy individuals using transcranial magnetic stimulation paired with EEG and assessed its relationship with cognition and NPS in AD. Hypothesis: We hypothesized increased cortical excitability in AD would be inversely associated with cognition and positively associated with NPS. Results: There is increased motor cortex and DLPFC excitability in AD as compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, DLPFC excitability was inversely associated with global cognition and executive functioning, and positively associated with NPS burden in AD. Conclusions: These findings help in understanding the mechanisms underlying AD and its associated clinical symptoms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".