A City in Crisis: Tenant Displacement and the Fight for Housing During COVID-19 in Toronto
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In March 2020, the novel coronavirus triggered a state of emergency around the world and in the city of Toronto, provoking the exacerbation and collision of multiple crises, one of them being the transnational crisis of housing. This thesis investigates the conflict between landlords and tenants in Toronto in the time of COVID-19 as a struggle over and against “accumulation by dispossession." From March 2020 onwards, thousands of racialized working-class tenants who lost income due to COVID-19 have fought to stay housed while landlords, particularly ‘financialized landlords’ who see housing as a commodity — a pure financial asset — have been set on evicting people who fell behind on rent. I explore how this moment of crisis has led to the dispossession and displacement of working-class, primarily racialized people, while also opening possibilities for insurgent practices, producing new spatialities and subjectivities as people fight collectively for their right to stay housed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.035 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".