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Record W7046643124

Drinking water quality in northern communities: trophic status of the sources, dissolved organic matter and disinfection by-products / La qualité de l'eau potable dans les communautés nordiques: état trophique des sources, matière organique dissoute et sous-produits de désinfection.

2023· other· fr· W7046643124 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueEspaceINRS (National Institute for Scientific Research (Canada)) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicMagnetic confinement fusion research
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPotable waterWater qualityPollution preventionAquatic environmentWater pollution
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

La concentration de matière organique dissoute (MOD) dans les eaux de surface augmente à travers la planète. Le brunissement de l'eau a été observée dans les lacs nordiques, en particulier dans les systèmes affectés par le dégel du pergélisol. La brunification altère le régime de mélange dans les lacs, ainsi que la disponibilité en lumière et en oxygène, ce qui affecte les communautés microbiennes. L'ajout de chlore à l'eau potable est efficace pour inactiver les bactéries fécales, mais il peut réagir avec la MOD pour générer des sous-produits de désinfection (SPD) tels que les trihalométhanes (THM) et les acides haloacétiques (AHA), dont la présence est réglementée dans de nombreux pays. La brunification peut donc avoir un impact sur la qualité de l'eau potable. Nos objectifs étaient d'évaluer la concentration de SPD dans l'eau potable des communautés nordiques des Territoires du Nord, du Nunavut et du Nunavik, et de comprendre comment ils sont liés à la MOD. Les sources d'eau potable examinées dans cette étude étaient caractérisées comme oligotrophes, avec de faibles concentrations de MOD. Des variations significatives ont été observées dans la qualité et la quantité de MOD entre les sources d'eau, probablement influencées par des différences régionales. Les lacs du Nunavik, en particulier, ont montré des concentrations de MOD remarquablement faibles. Malgré ces faibles niveaux de MOD, les SPD ont été couramment détectés dans tous les échantillons d'eau traitée, dépassant parfois les directives réglementaires, et des THMs et AHAs dans les eaux traitées étaient corrélées à la concentration en carbone organique dissous (COD) des sources d’eau. Avec la brunification prévue des lacs et des rivières nordiques associée à l'augmentation des températures, des précipitations accrues et du dégel du pergélisol, la croissance des cyanobactéries et la formation de SPD dans l'eau potable pourraient augmenter, justifiant une surveillance plus formelle de ces menaces potentielles. Les fluorimètres de poche (Aquafluor-AF) sont des outils de détection précoce de la qualité de l’eau. Nous avons analysé des échantillons d'eau potable provenant de huit communautés de l'Arctique canadien. L'étude examine également la capacité de l'Aquafluor-AF à estimer la biomasse algale et cyanobactérienne ainsi que la concentration de MOD. Pour ce faire, une configuration expérimentale a été mise en place, mélangeant différents volumes de MOD, d'algues Chlorella vulgaris, de picocyanobactéries (P202) et de kaolinite (Turbidity solution). De fortes corrélations ont été observées entre les mesures de l'Aquafluor-AF et les mesures en laboratoire de la chlorophylle-a (Chl-a) et de divers paramètres de la MOD, tels que le COD, le mattiere organique dissous coloreé (MODC) et les molécules de type humique. Les interférences ont été estimées et des équations de correction ont été proposées pour atténuer leurs effets. Les tests du modèle indiquent que ces corrections entraînent une surestimation minimale des valeurs calculées de Chl-a et de MOCD tout en permettant d'estimer la Chl-a cyanobactérienne. Malgré les faibles concentrations de Chl-a et de MOCD dans les sources d'eau potable analysées, le fluorimètre de poche montre des perspectives prometteuses pour surveiller les augmentations potentielles de matière organique conduisant à la formation de SPD et pour identifier les efflorescences de cyanobactéries. The concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters is increasing worldwide. Water browning has been observed in northern lakes, particularly in systems affected by permafrost thaw. Browning alters the mixing patterns in lakes, as well as the availability of light and oxygen, affecting microbial communities. Adding chlorine to drinking water is effective in inactivating fecal bacteria, but it can react with DOM to generate disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which are regulated in many countries. Browning can, therefore, impact the quality of drinking water. Our objectives were to assess the concentration of DBPs in drinking water from northern communities in the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Nunavik, and to understand how they are related to DOM. The sources of drinking water examined in this study were characterized as oligotrophic, with low DOM concentrations. Significant variations in the quality and quantity of DOM were observed between water sources, likely influenced by regional differences. Lakes in Nunavik, in particular, showed remarkably low DOM concentrations. Despite these low levels of DOM, DBPs were commonly detected in all treated water samples, sometimes exceeding regulatory guidelines, and both THMs and HAAs in treated water were correlated with the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in source water. With the predicted browning of northern lakes and rivers associated with rising temperatures, increased precipitation, and permafrost thaw, the growth of cyanobacteria and the formation of DBPs in drinking water could increase, justifying more formal monitoring of these potential threats. Pocket fluorometers (Aquafluor-AF) are a user-friendly tool for analyzing drinking water samples. We analyzed drinking water samples from eight Canadian Arctic communities. The research investigates the device's capability to estimate algal and cyanobacterial biomass and CDOM concentration. To do this, an experimental setup was established, mixing varying volumes of CDOM, Chlorella vulgaris algae, picocyanobacteria P202, and Kaolinite. Strong correlations were found between Aquafluor-AF readings and laboratory measurements of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and various DOM parameters, including DOC, CDOM, and Humic-like molecules. Interference effects were estimated, and correction equations were proposed to minimize their impact. Model testing revealed minimal overestimation of calculated Chl-a and CDOM values after applying the corrections while enabling accurate estimation of cyanobacterial Chl-a content. Despite the low Chl-a and CDOM concentrations in the analyzed drinking water sources, the pocket fluorometer demonstrates promising potential for monitoring potential increases in organic matter leading to DBP formation and identifying cyanobacterial blooms.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.833
Threshold uncertainty score0.333

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.031
GPT teacher head0.304
Teacher spread0.273 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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Same venueEspaceINRS (National Institute for Scientific Research (Canada))Same topicMagnetic confinement fusion researchFrench-language works237,207