Design and verification of a Hydraulic Air Compressor as a CO2 capture and sequestration system.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As a result of human activities, the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased. Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies offer an effective approach for mitigating CO2 from various industrial process to reduce the global climate change effect. These technologies can be integrated into existing infrastructure with minimal disruption. This study reviews on post- combustion CO2 capture and sequestration techniques, with a specific focus on mineral carbonation process routes and their potential feedstocks. Mineral carbonation is an approach that mimics the natural weathering of rock, in which metal oxide-bearing materials, for instance natural silicate minerals (serpentinite, olivine) react with gaseous CO2 to form solid carbonates. This process takes place on geological time scales, but it can be accelerated by increasing the concentration of CO2 in a reactor through pressurization of the system. The purpose of this study was investigation of technical feasibility of a CCS process by means of a hydraulic air compressor (HAC). A series of experiments were conducted on the HAC pilot plant to investigate the potential of the system as a post-combustion CO2 capture system. Those experiences experimentally verified a one-dimensional steady-state model for two-phase bubbly flow. The verified bubbly flow model was used to compare the hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of HAC downcomers and upward co-current flow bubble column reactors and to predict gas liquid mass transfer coefficients. The experimental results showed that the HAC is an effective technology for intensification of CCS processes due to its improved mass transfer performance compared to other mass transfer devices. While the high capital cost of HAC construction, following a general Millar (2014) design paradigm, limits applicability, the horizontal injector loop (HIL), developed in this thesis offers a new apparatus with similar gas compressor performance and reduced height, which would make the concept more accessible for capital restricted projects. A mathematical dynamic kinetic model is developed to simulate the kinetics of CO2 absorption into an alkaline solution in the HIL. This model makes a significant contribution in predicting the absorption rate under operating conditions beyond those achievable in experimental tests undertaken. In addition, this model can be used to guide the design of a new reactor and future experiments, making it a valuable tool for CO2 capture and sequestration activity. Carbon dioxide capture and sequestration by means of a HIL as a pressurized, continuous chemical reactor was also investigated experimentally. The experimental results demonstrated that the HIL has a credible potential for this purpose. These experiments were also simulated using the dynamic kinetic model, which showed good agreement with the experimental findings. However, some potential improvements to the dynamic kinetic model have been identified to enhance its compatibility with experimental conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".