Genetic diversity of Entomosporium mespili and its interaction with Saskatoon berry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The saskatoon (Amelanchier Alnifolia Nutt.) is a woody shrub from the rose family. One of the main challenges to its culture is Entomosporium leaf and berry spot (ELBS) disease, which is caused by a hemibiothrophic fungus Entomosporium mespili (Sacc.). Due to the limited growth of the pathogen in vitro, we tested several culture media, and potato dextrose agar remained the best tested medium to grow the pathogen in vitro. E. mespili showed high variations in the morphology and sporulation of its cultures on PDA, which were not related to the geographic origin of the tested isolates. The amount of spores produced by the fungus in vitro was significantly high compared to its sporulation in nature. The use of liquid media such as potato broth was essential to produce enough mycelium for other experiments. The pathogen produced big spherical balls of mycelium where the nutrient and the aeration were sufficient. In absence of previous protocols to extract DNA from this pathogen, we tested several methods and determined a mixture of CTAB and SDS to be best for extraction of good quality DNA from E. mespili grown in vitro. Lyophilisation of E. mespili’s tissue and the addition of proteinase K to the extraction buffer reduced DNA degradation. To avoid the co-precipitation of polysaccharides with DNA, we used a high concentration of salt to precipitate polysaccharides, followed by a separation by phenol:chloroform:isoamyl (25:24:1). Molecular markers including Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Amplified Fragments Length Polymorphism (AFLP) revealed a high level of polymorphism in E. mespili. The artificial inoculation gave different results from natural infection, with a high level of diversity both on detached leaves and seedlings. According to our tests, growing E. mespili in vitro reduced its pathogenicity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".