Human disturbance, host dispersal, and hybridization influence blood parasite communities in a threatened songbird species: the golden-winged warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The golden-winged warbler is a threatened species in Canada, and the impact of blood parasites to the conservation of this species is poorly understood. I investigated whether landscape cover of agriculture, local human disturbance, historical dispersal of golden-winged warblers, and hybridization with a closely related species affected the prevalence of parasites in this species. Golden-winged warbler populations that had more recently colonized an area, and had higher landscape cover of agriculture, were more likely to be infected with Leucocytozoon and Haemoproteus parasites. Golden-winged warblers with local home ranges containing more rangeland were more likely to be infected with Haemoproteus, and hybrid golden-winged x blue-winged warblers were more likely to be infected with Leucocytozoon than pure golden-winged warblers. Because blood parasite communities in golden-winged warblers are shaped by factors that are important to conservation, their role is worth further exploration for this and other species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".