Immigration of “quality of life” and partial exit: a study based on the cases of Mérida (Mexico) and Barcelona (Spain)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The cities of Mérida (Mexico) and Barcelona (Spain) are located in regions with strong tourism associated with their heritages, their climatic conditions and their coastal locations. In addition, they attract those living in neighboring countries with higher costs of living because of the better climate and the more affordable costs of living which permit a “great lifestyle”. Given these conditions, middle-class persons from the United Statesand Canada, in the case of Mexico, and from France, Germany and England or other EC countries, in the case of Spain, without work obligations in their country of origin (because they are retired or have some income), take up residence in these cities. As well, the development of off-site work and economic globalization has contributed to the increased mobility of businesses to other countries. These socio-economic factors along with a particular residential and tourist production strategy in these regions give rise tosituations of tourism, partial exit and immigration. Using various quantitative and qualitative methodologies, this article analyzes the characteristics and territorial distribution ofmiddle class international migrants in both cities as a starting point to study the impact of this phenomenon on gentrification and residential segregation. The results obtained in both cities are similar. Both cases deal with continuous growth, with the migration of middle classes increasing in importance and visibility, reinforcing and increasing the existing residential segregation in these cities.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".