Bibliographic record
Abstract
Immigration and integration have been important topics in Dutch society and \npolitics in recent years. Problems and experiences abroad have been looked at \non a few occasions, but generally this went no further than the neighbouring \ncountries, and the European dimensions of the phenomena received little or no \nattention. As far as possible, this European Outlook describes the situation \nthroughout the European Union, in both old and new member states, and also \nexamines the policy perspectives at European level. \nDemographic, economic and sociological aspects of migration and the activity \nrate of immigrants in the member states of the European Union (and occasionally \nalso Australia, Canada and the United States) are examined in this European \nOutlook. On the one hand this helps put into perspective what in recent years \nhas often been seen in the Netherlands as a specifically national problem, \nwhile at the same time shedding light on developments that could be relevant \nfor policy in the Netherlands. As in European Outlook 1 (CPB/SCP, 2003), the \nneed for and desirability of more common European policy is analysed, this time \nin relation to immigration, asylum and integration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.179 | 0.064 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".