Supercritical extraction of phloroglucinols from St. John's wort (Hypericum Perforatum L.) - Process optimization, mathematical modeling and antimicrobial activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) has been widely used as an anti-inflammatory and healing agent in traditional medicine. Some para-pharmaceutical products, prepared from the extract of St. John's Wort, are frequently used because of their anti-depressive and antiviral properties. Moreover, the extract prepared from St. John's Wort (H. perforatum L.) has been also reported to have an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing effect. Thus, extraction of a specific component from St. John's Wort which gives a high yield of total extract and high content of desired pharmacological active compounds is obviously in focus of many research activities today. Despite the evident clinical effects, there is still a controversy regarding the active principle of the extracts. Some authors attribute the antidepressant activity to hypericin and its derivatives, whereas, other studies are in the favor of hyperforin. Hyperforin, as a phloroglucinol derivative is a relatively lipophilic compound which is susceptible to rapid thermal, light-induced and oxidative decomposition. Adhyperforin presents its methyl derivative. The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is an outstanding method for the extraction of natural agents and valuable components from plant materials, because heat-sensitive compounds can be extracted without any degradation, and in addition, it is an environmentally acceptable technology. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) is the most useful supercritical fluid in the food industry, because it is non-toxic, non-explosive, and available in high (food grade) purity and can be removed from the extracted products without leaving any residue. The main goal of this study was oriented to the investigation of process optimization of the best extraction method applicable to intergradient in food and pharmaceutical industry - supercritical fluid extraction as well as the antimicrobial activity of obtained extracts. The first part of study will represent the literature review of St. John's Wort occurrence in nature, their health effects and medical and pharmaceutical use.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".