Whooping Crane (<i>Grus americana</i>) behavior, habitat use and wildlife watching visitation during migratory stopover at two Wildlife Management Areas in Nebraska 2015-2016
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Whooping Crane (Grus americana) is one of the rarest bird species in the world (Harrell and Bidwell 2013). Whooping Cranes are listed as endangered by the United States and Canada under their respective Endangered Species Acts (CWS and USFWS 2007) and by the Nebraska Nongame and Endangered Species Conservation Act. Whooping Crane numbers in the Aransas-Wood Buffalo (AWB) flock, the only self-sustaining wild population, were estimated to be as low as 14 adults and 4 juveniles during the winter of 1938-1939 (CWS and USFWS 2007). During the winter of 2014-2015, the estimated size of the AWB flock was 308 individuals (USFWS 2015). Birds in the AWB flock migrate more than 3,500 km twice each year through the Great Plains of North America between their breeding grounds in Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, and wintering sites in and around Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, Texas. Annually in spring and fall, usually all of the Whooping Cranes in the AWB flock migrate through Nebraska. Many birds in the AWB flock interrupt their migration and stop at sites in Nebraska where they locate nighttime roost sites, rest and feed. Migratory stopover in Nebraska is therefore an important part of their survival, conservation and recovery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".