Archaeometry and the international evolution of studies on metallurgy: a bibliometrical perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
measurements in situ above uncovered glass-furnace helped in first stage of excavation to identification of orientation of central heating channel where apparent magnetic susceptibility was higher than in perimeter rim of furnace.Archaeological excavations up to now (C # erná 2003b) uncovered 2 different glass-furnaces, 1 glass waste heap and other non-production situations, third glass-furnace should be excavated in summer 2004.Magnetometric survey of newly discovered high medieval glassworking site Gabrielina Hut', distr.Chomutov (from 14th century AD) is example of prospection of endangered site by new afforesting in Ore Mountains region (K?ivánek 2003).Measurements by protone magnetometers and kappameter were realized after the first finds of typical glass-working material.Only low magnetic unhomogenous anomalies (+5-15 nT/m) probably from recently redistributed glass-working material were discovered in area of new afforesting and recent terrain changes with glass-working finds (C # erná 2003a).Two subrectangular high magnetic anomalies (about +100 nT/m) from glass-furnaces together with other low magnetic anomalies (+5 nT/m) from scattered production waste material were than identified not far in forested and more hilly terrain.The results of geophysical survey shows the centre of site within identified 2 high magnetic anomalies above glassfurnaces seems to be still in forested area outside of recent wood exploitation and new afforesting of disturbed terrain.From detailed magnetometric measurements we can say these furnaces should be still in subsurface in good state of preservation.Archaeological excavation of site will be applied in dependence on another new afforesting of central place of site with geophysicaly verified glass-furnaces. CONCLUSIONResults of geophysical surveys of common small features with typical high magnetic burned materials of production sites have many similarities but also some specifics.Because magnetometric data from particular measurements share very often similar results we can summarize these results within types, amplitudes or the average surface extent of magnetic anomalies.3 main types of archaeo-features (furnaces, waste heaps, another sunken features) within 3 different types of magnetic anomalies are very typical for all of production areas (Kr# ivánek 1995).The furnaces have very significant positive magnetic anomaly, very limited area and typical negative border around.Prehistoric iron-furnaces have diameter 1-2 m, High Medieval glass-furnaces diameter 2-5 m.Amplitudes of magnetic anomalies over iron and glass furnaces are very different, common magnetic anomaly of glass-furnaces is much higher than magnetic anomaly of iron-furnaces.This fact we could probably connect not only with different dimensions, length and level of heating of raw material but also with specific length of use of production features.The main ironproduction features have very often specific location in terrain, glass-working
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.032 | 0.087 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".