Canadian Media Portrayal of Climate Change: An Investigation of Major Canadian Newspaper Outlets' Coverage of Federal Climate Change Action
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper examines how four major Canadian newspaper outlets reported on climate change decisions by the federal government from 2007-2014. The paper analyzes 86 articles using criteria related to slant: language, tone and authorities; and depth of coverage by length of article. The analysis results organize the articles and then the outlets, on a scale from supportive to critical of action taken or not taken on climate change by the federal government. This scale was then juxtaposed with Canadian newspaper readership data to determine what type of coverage most Canadians are reading. \n \nIt was found that in most major Canadian cities the majority of citizens read Postmedia News, which generated very polar results in terms of this study. Upon further examination of journalists employed it was determined Postmedia is a more supportive outlet on federal climate change action. This may help explain the current public complacency on climate action in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.010 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".