Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Changing Seasons Drifters rom the Plains eastward, most of the continent found that the spring of 2001 lent itself to few superlatives.Bannon, Denatilt, Aubry, and David report from Quebec that"a never-ending series of nice sunny days was not conducive to the occurrence of any big fallouts."Leberman in the Appalachian Region: "Nearly every field observer [...] commented on the generally poor flight and lack of significant 'fallouts' of Neotropical migrants.At Powdermill Nature Reserve [...] this sprin•s banding total of about 1800 birds was the third lowest ever and 35% below the 40-year average:' Davis in the Southern Atlantic Coast Region: "The spring migration through the Region was generally uneventful, with mostly fair weather keeping birds on the move.[...] With low numbers of migrants and no new rarities found, many observers felt that this was one of the slowest, poorest spring migrations in years."Brock in the Middlewestern Prairie Region: "Cool conditions in late May proved unfavorable for generating migratory waves; consequently, many correspondents relegated the spring flight to the mediocre category (or worse):' Myers and Wallace in the Central Southern Region:"In general, landbird migration was quite dull.[...] At Ft. Morgan, Alabama the Sargents had the poorest banding spring of their career.Robert Duncan in nw.Florida and Myers in se.Louisiana both considered the migration among the worst in memory: Martin in the Northern Great Plains Region: "Passerine migration was unspectacular, with warblers making a particularly weak showing."Iliff in the Middle Atlantic Region: "Relatively little frontal activity was blamed both for the lack of many significant landbird flights and the extremely poor hawkwatching season at Ft. Smallwood.Perhaps as a result, comments on this sprin•s migration were another echo that this year was even poorer than last:' Elder in Ontario: "Spring moved across the province in a series of stops and starts but with no real weather events that affected bird migration: And Sexton in Texas: "After spectacular fall and winter seasons, it was perhaps predictable that the next avian passage would be a letdown.In most areas, both the weather and the migration were commonly termed 'unexceptional.'"A look back on "Changing Seasons" columns of the past reveals that not a few columnists have noted the abundance of negative adjectives in editors' characterizations of the spring migration (Plunkett 1969, Smith 1976, Gee
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.067 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".