Convective heat transfer in hemispherical cavities with planar inner surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Domed cavities are found in many applications in buildings, particularly in conventional skylights and tubular daylighting devices. Heat transfer through domed cavities is thus an important factor in evaluating the energy performance rating of such skylight systems, and in calculating the heating and cooling loads of buildings. Although there have been many studies on the convective heat transfer in related geometries, there is very limited information on natural convective heat transfer in domed cavities with planar inner surfaces. In this paper, a numerical study is conducted on natural laminar convective heat transfer in horizontal domed cavities with planar inner surfaces. The bounding surfaces are subject to uniform temperature conditions. The numerical model is based on the finite element method. The model predictions are successfully compared with published data in literature for concentric spheres and hemispherical cavities. The results show that for different boundary temperature conditions, the airflow in the cavities is mono-cellular and reaches steady state conditions for both cold and hot weather conditions. The numerical results are used to develop practical correlations for the Nusselt number.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".