Determining the Properties and Capabilities of an Existing Experimental Large Loop EM61 Underwater UXO Detector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In response to UXSON-04-03, Dillon Consulting Ltd (DCL) investigated the response of a prototype Large Loop EM61 Marine System. The system was originally conceived in 2002 for a marine UXO survey of Wright's Cove near Halifax, Nova Scotia, to detect accumulations of metal on or below the sea floor at depths of 1 to 15 meters of water. The survey presented new challenges in that the water depths required that sensors be deployed at significant depths, but at the same time contact with the seabed was to be minimized. Dillon Consulting Limited, with assistance from Geonics Limited, modified a high power Geonics EM61-MK2 System by adding a large primary loop transmitter floating on a barge and a submerged receiver mounted on a planing board that was towed beneath the transmitter. The entire system can be purchased for well under $100K (rented for much less) and does not require a special boat for deployment. The specific purpose of this research is to determine if the system response of this equipment can be understood and if necessary improved sufficiently to be used for detailed mapping and demonstration phases. The technology targets the near shore environments of critical concern to SERDP, addressing both very shallow (<15 feet, 5 m) and shallow (16-60 feet, 5-20m) water depths. It provides a novel engineering-based technique and platform that overcomes access limitations for locating UXO present in underwater locations. The project also explores the variations of EM response in underwater environments that must be resolved as a necessary precursor to efforts in improving detection and discrimination in underwater UXO-contaminated areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".