The effects of lowered salinity on a keystone predator, Pisaster ochraceus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of freshwater incursions on activity and survival of a key intertidal predator, the sea star Pisaster ochraceus in Barkley Sound, Canada. Comparisons of responses between sea stars drawn from areas of chronically high and low salinity provided an assessment of acclimation.\n\nFor two years, salinity sensors mounted on-shore and off-shore on buoys at seven sites monitored intermittently changes in surface salinities, revealing how episodes of high rainfall and proximity to watershed areas influenced declines in salinities at high tide. Activity rate was severely inhibited and some limited mortality was observed below the critical threshold of 15-18PPT. Tests of acclimation (righting times) suggested smaller sea stars from low salinity sites had developed some tolerance to those conditions.\n\nClimate change theory predicts altered rainfall. My findings and others in the literature suggest the actions of this keystone predator will shift as surface salinities at the shoreline change.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".