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Record W7055947371

Development of vacuum carbonation curing technology for concrete at ambient conditions

2017· dissertation· en· W7055947371 on OpenAlexaff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2017
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicMagnetic confinement fusion research
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCarbonationPrecast concreteCuring (chemistry)Compressive strengthMasonrySlump
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In this thesis, a more practical methodology was conceived for the early-age carbonation of concrete.A widely published topic in recent years, the accelerated curing of concrete using CO2 has managed to pique the interest of the building sector, with a number of outlets seeking to industrialize this technique.The challenge of implementing, however, lies in the need of elevated pressures to achieve effective CO2 penetration within concrete.The overwhelming majority of curing chambers currently employed by the precast industry are incapable of withstanding such elevated pressures.Working with industrial partner Boehmers, this collaborative effort mainly sought to develop, and pilot-test, a carbonation approach that marginalizes the need for pressurized conditions, thus alleviating the need for expensive and impractical pressure vessels.The prescribed approach incorporated a vacuum pre-step such that a pressure-differential allowed carbonating concrete at sub-atmospheric gauge pressures, hence the term vacuum-carbonation.Proof-ofconcept was first carried out in laboratory settings and then scaled to an industrial pilot.Concrete masonry units (CMU) were the targeted precast product for this study, with mix designs for both normal-weight and light-weight concrete.Parametric based testing was carried out to evaluate the effects of pre-conditioning (or drying), vacuum, and pressure-differential, on CO2 uptake, compressive strength, phenolphthalein indication, pH, and carbonation depth.For normal weight concrete, vacuum carbonation curing at low vacuum and near ambient CO2 pressures led to an average CO2 uptake of 15.9 %, and a denser concrete with a one-day strength around 170% that of the benchmark control batch.With respect to lightweight concrete, while CO2 uptake averaged 15.1%, an accelerated early-age strength gain was not observed.Nonetheless, the devised vacuum carbonation curing technique demonstrated its efficacy in curing concrete and its viability in replacing carbonation curing at elevated pressures. IV RésuméAu cours de cette thèse, une méthode pratique de carbonatation prématurée du béton a été conçue.Un sujet largement publié ces dernières années, la cure accélérée du béton utilisant le CO2 a suscité l'intérêt du secteur du bâtiment, avec un nombre d'acteurs visant à industrialiser cette technique.Le défi que recèle la mise en œuvre de ce processus réside dans le besoin de pressions élevées pour assurer une pénétration efficace du CO2 au sein du béton.La majorité des chambres de maturation actuellement adoptée par l'industrie du béton préfabriqué sont incapables de résister à de telles pressions élevées.Pour remédier à l'usage de récipients sous pression coûteux et peu pratique, une approche de carbonatation qui marginalise le besoin de pression élevée a été développée et testée à l'échelle pilote en collaboration avec le partenaire industriel Boehmers.Cette approche prescrite a incorporé une pré-étape sous-vide créant une différentielle de pression qui a permis la carbonatation du béton à une pression sous-atmosphérique intitulée carbonatation sous-vide.L'étude préliminaire destinée à valider le concept a d'abord été effectuée au laboratoire et ensuite exécutée à l'échelle pilote.Les blocs de maçonnerie en béton étaient le produit préfabriqué utilisé au cours de cette recherche avec des mélanges conçus pour des blocs de béton normal et léger.Des tests paramétriques ont été effectués afin d'évaluer l'effet du pré-conditionnement (séchage), de la séquestration du CO2, de la résistance en compression, de l'indicateur de phénolphtaléine, des valeurs de pH et de la profondeur de carbonatation.Dans le cas du béton normal, la carbonatation sous vide à pression de CO2 quasi-ambiante a permis l'absorption moyenne de 15.9% de CO2 et un béton plus dense ayant une résistance d'un jour de 170% du spécimen de référence.Alors que le béton léger a entrainé une consommation moyenne de 15.1% de CO2, un gain de force en âge précoce n'a pas été observé.Néanmoins, cette technologie conçue de carbonatation sous vide, a démontré son efficacité lors du mûrissement du béton et sa viabilité à remplacer les chambres de cure de béton à pression élevée.V Acknowledgements Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Yixin Shao, for his patience, help and support throughout my thesis.His guidance and profound knowledge on early-age carbonation curing of concrete made this research all the worthier.Many thanks to a dear colleague and friend Dr. Zaid Ghouleh for imparting and sharing his vast knowledge on the subject.I truly appreciate him challenging the conclusions, his articulate explanations and his sense of selflessness.I am grateful to Mr. Paul Hargest, president of Boehmers Block, for his critical role in extending this work to an applied setting and making the pilot demonstration possible

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How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.002
Threshold uncertainty score0.006

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.285
Teacher spread0.266 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations1
Published2017
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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