Évolution de la polarisation au Canada : 1973-2003
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ce mémoire analyse l'évolution de la polarisation des revenus au Canada entre 1973 et 2003. Nous utilisons à cette fin les indices de Duclos, Esteban et Ray (DER) et de Wolfson. Les résultats tendent premièrement à démontrer que l'évolution de la polarisation des revenus du marché semble suivre un mouvement généralement contracyclique. Deuxièmement, on observe depuis 30 ans un phénomène de croissance de la polarisation des revenus du marché au Canada. Finalement, bien que le rôle joué par le régime d'impôts et de transferts sur la polarisation soit très différent entre la décennie de 1980 et celle de 1990, le régime d'impôts et de transferts semble neutraliser ou du moins atténuer la croissance et les fluctuations de cette dernière, ce qui se traduit par une polarisation des revenus après impôts qui varie nettement moins au cours du cycle économique et, généralement parlant, au fil du temps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".