Gender According to World Athletics: The Regulation of Racialized Athletes from the Global South
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In March 2023, World Athletics, the regulating body for the sport of Athletics introduced The Eligibility Regulations for the Female Classification (Athletes with Differences of Sex Development). These Regulations limit participation in female Athletics events at international competition and to set world records. They require certain athletes to maintain a testosterone threshold below 2.5nmol/L, despite their naturally occurring testosterone levels. On one level, this paper is about gender regulation in sport, particularly regulating testosterone in elite, female athletes. On another level it is about power and privilege at the intersection of race, nationality, and gender. It argues that through its gender regulations, World Athletics is racializing non-western bodies and asserting white, Global North civilization as the appropriate authority on, and representation of, gender in sport. En mars 2023, World Athletics, l’organisme de réglementation du sport de l’athlétisme, a introduit les règlements d’admissibilité pour la classification féminine (athlètes ayant une différence de développement sexuel). Ces règlements limitent la participation des femmes aux épreuves d’athlétisme lors des compétitions internationales et à l’établissement de records du monde. Elles imposent à certaines athlètes de maintenir un seuil de testostérone inférieur à 2,5nmol/L, en dépit de leur taux de testostérone naturel. D’une part, le présent article traite de la régulation du genre dans le sport, en particulier de la régulation de la testostérone chez les athlètes féminines d’élite. D’autre part, il traite du pouvoir et des privilèges à l’intersection de la race, de la nationalité et du sexe. Il soutient qu’à travers ses réglementations en matière de genre, World Athletics racialise les corps non occidentaux et affirme que la civilisation blanche du Nord est l’autorité appropriée en matière de genre dans le sport et de représentation de ce dernier.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".